B. Blanc, F. Beaudoux
MONTE CARLO METHOD APPLIED TO GRAVIMETRIC LEAK CALIBRATION

The gravimetric method for standard leak calibration is already documented and has proven to be repeatable. However, neglecting the air buoyancy correction in some cases may lead to a significant increase of the uncertainty and a bias on the result. The aim of this work is to provide a method for atmospheric leaks calibration using simple mass comparisons and the Monte Carlo method in order to determine the associated uncertainty and check the validity of the GUM approach in specific cases. The main objectives are to provide a guideline on how to quickly and simply calibrate such equipment and take into account the air buoyancy correction despite the lack of knowledge about the standard leak density.

C. Müller-Schöll, D. Goessi
A COST SAVING METHOD FOR DETERMINING AIR DENSITY IN WEIGHING

This paper promotes the artefact method for determining the air density for weighing and mass calibrations in industrial mass calibration laboratories. Artefact prototypes were manufactured and air density was determined using these artefacts for a proof of concept. Uncertainties are in an acceptable size. Comparison to the traditional method (measurements of air pressure, temperature, and humidity) shows agreement within uncertainties. Substantial economic advantages of the artefact method are identified compared to the traditional method.

C. L. Giusca, S. Goel, I. Llavori, R. Kumme, O. Baer, A. Prato, A. Germak
DIGITAL REPRESENTATION OF A LOAD CELL

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) revolution provides new avalanche of opportunities in the arena of manufacturing and metrology. To take advantage of this opportunity, EMRP 18SIB08 ComTraForce project began the development of digital constructs necessary for a Digital Twin of a load cell that allows, in real time, to predict, optimise and maintain desired functionality throughout the device lifetime. Specifically, its project team has been working on developing digital constructs based on experimentally validated finite element models in conjunction with analytical models. The work provides new avenues in establishing force measurement standards.

L. F. Wang, K. Ma, D. B. Shen, Y. Zhang, S. Zhang, P. Liu, N. Song
RESEARCH ON INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM OF LARGE MASS

This paper describes a set of intelligent measurement system for large mass. The system realises the intelligent operation of the process of (100 kg ~ 1 000 kg) weights calibration, including loading and unloading reference weights, loading and unloading test weights, calculating data, and providing calibration records. These intelligent operations are realised by the design of the equal arm electromagnetic balance, loading and unloading weights, transmission mechanism, and the central intelligent control software. The system improves the accuracy and work efficiency of large weights calibration.

M. J. A. Solis, C. Giusca, S. Goel
DIGITAL TWIN AS A TRANSFORMATIVE APPROACH TO CLASSICAL FORCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

Like any other measuring device, load cells are vital in ensuring that products meet quality and safety requirements; therefore, they must always be accurate and reliable. Creep affects measurement results and the useful life of load cells but is not well understood. Digital twins create a virtual representation of an instrument that can be used to understand, monitor, and predict load cell behaviour. This study found that the significant source of creep originates from the strain gauge's carrier matrix and that the Larson-Miller Parameter equation can be used to support the digital twin development of the load cell.