The colour changes of tempera paints exposed to the ambient depends on the composition of the paint (pigment, binder and the interaction between them) and the components of the atmosphere. In this paper several statistical techniques based on vector and functional approaches are presented in order to accurately stablish the trends of colour changes of paint mock ups composed of different pigments and binders and exposed to a real ambient. A functional approach of the statistical techniques applied are revealed much more useful than a vectorial (classic) approach in order to extract information about the colour variations during the exposure.

Most of the survey techniques used in archaeology and architecture are currently focused on range-data (laser scanning) and image-based systems (digital photogrammetry/photoscanning). The paper aims to highlight a different methodological approach in the procedures of acquisition and processing of numerical data. The proposed methodology suggests an alternative integration between point clouds from laser scanner and image-based system, exploiting the properties of the ICP algorithms. Three different experimentations were performed at different level in order to achieve the suitable procedure. Some graphics show the comparison between the classic approach and the new procedure. The results are very interesting for what concerns the elaboration of the numerical models. The correct position of the points in space contributes the next step of the surface reconstruction (meshing process) and the final 2D representation.

In this work, X-Ray Fluorescence technique (XRF) was applied in the analysis of the pigments used in decorative paintings that adorn Ancient Egypt artifacts. The analyzed objects were four coffins, a coffin fragment and a funerary mask - belonging to the Egyptian Collection of the National Museum (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The analyses were performed using an EDXRF portable system, consisting of an Xray tube Mini-X with W anode, operating at 30 kV and 40 µA, and a detector X-123 SDD, both from Amptek. The possible pigments employed in the artifacts decoration were identified by the presence of key elements in the spectra associated with the color of the analyzed region. The results revealed the use of red and yellow ochre, realgar, orpiment, Egyptian blue, Egyptian green, malachite, bone black, calcite and gypsum.

The aim of research and metrological analysis of the Machu Picchu site is to verify the hypothesis on the functioning of the imperial system of length measurement, which were used by Incas during measurement and construction process. The results of 3D laser scanning of the Machu Picchu site provides crucial, precise output for metrological analysis. Main objective is to verify the hypothesis assuming the existence and usage of one, common imperial unit. As far as the research method is concerned, I propose using statistical model of cosine quantogram, which has successfully been employed during the analysis of architectural sites of Mediterranean culture as well as European medieval urbanism. The questions and problems of research concerning the existence and usage of base unit or units of measure are formed on the foregoing assumptions pertaining to current phenomenon of outlining and measuring Inca urban planning.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been adopted in many contests, such as healthcare or industrial. In museum scenario, WSN has been introduced for environmental monitoring, to control temperature and relative humidity. Nowadays, the development of low-cost micro-scale sensing units, opened to new possibilities for WSN development, including other environmental measurements of interest, such as: gaseous pollutant, relative humidity, temperature, light intensity, air flow, vibration. The present work is part of the overarching goal of the development of a low-cost and minimally invasive WSN designed for a museum scenario. The here proposed WSN node, based on a ZigBee-IEEE802.15.4 standard, gathers signals provided by: a 9-axis MIMU, a sensor for temperature and relative humidity, and a lux-meter. In this paper, we present performances of the WSN node in detecting structure tilt that can be due to structure deformations and/or seismic vibrations.