Geomaterials from Campanian region have been widely used since ancient times in the local architecture both for their high availability in the area and good petrophysical features. An outstanding example is the archeological site of "Porta Mediana" Necropolis of Cuma, consisting of about 70 mausoleums ranging from 4th B.C. and 6th century A.D. and revealed by the Centre Jean Berard, from 2001 till present. This study, carried out on geomaterials from all the funerary monuments of the site, was performed by using consolidated experimental methods, such as optical microscopy in polarized light (OM), and X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRPD). Results showed the presence and the wide use, as building stones, of mainly local materials, belonging to volcanic and sedimentary lithotypes. Regarding artificial geomaterials, such as mortars and cocciopesto, the use of volcanic aggregates of local origin is confirmed too.

On August 24, 2016, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck central Myanmar. Bagan Archaeological Zone suffered extensive damage and more than 300 structures were partially destroyed. After the earthquake, information about the damage to cultural heritage was collected from the Department of Archaeology, Japan International Cooperation Agency and the UNESCO Bangkok Office. In addition, a post-earthquake damage assessment survey from Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (TNRICP) was dispatched to Bagan from September 2016 in order to collect information on the structural damage to cultural heritage buildings. As a part of the same project, a diagnostic research was carried on temple n. 1205a located in the archaeological area. The aim of the work was to acquire information on the constitutive materials and construction technology, i.e. compositions of bricks, mortars and stuccoes. A further goal of the present study was to obtain sufficient technical-scientific knowledge to draw up a "practical code" to be adopted in Bagan valley restructuring plain.

Among geophysical techniques applied to archaeological sites , the multi-frequency EMI method is capable of identifying shallow subsurface relics by simultaneously measuring the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and apparent magnetic susceptibility (MSa).In this study, multi-frequency EMI technologies were performed in two heritage sites with different geological conditions. In the site of Han Hangu Pass, high ECa values were measured due to the cinnamon soil. Variations of ECa from the surface to shallow subsurface with different depths indicate a correlation with archaeological excavations. Whereas, electromagnetic anomalies related to an ancient road and five kiln caves were identified. In the Xishan Yang, sandy loams result into lower ECa values. An ancient tomb, indicating extremely low ECa and high MSa, was discovered. Its electromagnetic properties is attributed to the cavity and ferroferric oxides. Afterwards, the depths of investigation (DOI) in conjunction with the performance of signal frequencies were assessed and analyzed.

Within the project for the restoration of the northern section of the sixteenth-century city walls of Lecce, a team of researchers of CNR-IBAM carried out in 2014 and 2015 geophysical surveys aimed at the study and the reconstruction of the moat outside the fortifications. The use of GPR method allowed to detect anomalies related to the main ditch outside the city walls and to characterize the rocky bank in which it was excavated; at the time of the surveys, this ditch was still buried and the results of the geophysical measurements directed the works for its excavation. As well as investigations have allowed to identify also other possible ditches or quarries and more ancient structures, which subsequent archaeological excavations have dated at the Medieval and Roman periods. Moreover, geophysical surveys highlighted the presence of modern walls, corresponding with the foundations of the stadium built in the 1920s close to the city walls.

This paper focuses on the lack of detailed coordinate references that consider also the altitude (z) as a recurrent limit of the historical aerial photography. Within the study presented in this paper, we show the "draping" process, using a merged, georeferenced triple stereoscopy image, and a high resolution LiDAR DTM with the aim to obtain a running association of the factor z to a historical airborne photographs. The territory chosen for this study is the area occupied by the roman vicus of Aequum Tuticum, on the oriental side of Campania region (Italy), where several aero-topographical and geophysics studies have been done by the LabTAF of University of Salento. This process, adopted in this territory for the first time, let to insert the surveyed archaeological evidences in the exact geomorphological context and to calculate the slope that influences the various reconstructed roman roads.