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Page 126 of 977 Results 1251 - 1260 of 9762

Annalisa Minelli, Anna Nora Tassetti, Gianna Fabi
Uncalibrated Multibeam Echosounder capabilities for fish schools measuring and tracking. An application in the nearby of an Adriatic offshore structure

This work aims to investigate the potential capabilities of an uncalibrated Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) in fish school detection, reporting an experience regarding an offshore gas platform in the Adriatic Sea If, on one hand, the Split beam Echosounder technology is traditionally used for the purpose of biomass evaluation , on the other hand recent improvements in Multibeam Echosounder MBES technologies and advancing in water column data processing have made possible to detect schools and obtain some relevant metric information, with the advantage that a wide surrounding environment could be quickly surveyed the possible results that can be obtained with this technology, strength points and weaknesses are presented in this paper. A reflection on other possible usages is given, and a replicable raw data processing method for schools detection and their metric characterization is presented as well.

Alessandro Galdelli, Adriano Mancini, Carmen Ferrà, Anna Nora Tassetti
Integrating AIS and SAR to monitor fisheries: a pilot study in the Adriatic Sea

The synergic utilization of data from different sources, either ground-based or spaceborne, can lead to effectively monitor fishing activities in close proximity of managed areas, and help tackle the problem of global overfishing. To this end, the integration of spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data and cooperative Automatic Identification System (AIS) information has the appealing potential to provide a better picture of what is happening at sea by detecting vessels that are not reporting their positioning data (intentionally or not) and, on the other side, by validating ships detected in satellite imagery. In this context, this paper deals with the investigation of "suspicious" AIS data gap and the integration of SAR-based ship detection by a point-to-point and a point-to-line types of association. Time-filtered and classified AIS transmissions (according to the gear in use) are used to predict SAR positions, with the next step being to search/match corresponding SAR-based targets. A case study is analyzed, in which the method is tested in proximity of managed areas characterized by significant AIS blackouts, using occasional Sentinel-1 images of the central Adriatic Sea and AIS data.

Sergio Vitale, Giampaolo Ferraioli, Vito Pascazio
Exploiting the Deep Learning Potential for Sea Plastic Detection

Plastic debris are one of the most harmful product for the health of the marine ecosystem. Usually, they enter the oceans as macroplastics through river deltas and tend to aggregate with other materials, floating on the sea surface. With the time passing, the macroplastics tend to degrade in microplastic and enter in the marine life because of ingestion. A fast and precise detection of floating plastics is necessary for monitoring and saving the sea ecosystem. Recent studies have demonstrated how remote sensing (and in particular satellites) can be helpful in such detection. Moreover, in the recent years, deep learning (DL) methods have shown great performance particularly in classification and detection. DL methods can help to overcome some pre-processing step that are time consuming and speed-up the detection. The aim of this paper is to exploit the possibility of constructing a large database of satellite images and correspondent mask of detected plastic. Such database will be freely available in order to promote the research on this topic and on the use of DL.

Diana Di Luccio, Andrea Buono, Valeria Corcione, Maurizio Migliaccio, Guido Benassai
An integrated approach of in-situ data, remote sensing measurements and numerical simulations to study storm events in the Ligurian Sea

Extreme weather events have significant impacts on human activities and related economy in coastal areas. In this scenario, the forecast of sea storms and sea level changes to mitigate the effects of waves on shores, piers and critical coastal infrastructures is a key but challenging goal. This objective can be effectively achieved using a synergistic approach that includes numerical models, in-situ data and remote sensing measurements. To this end, we investigated the atmospheric forcing data of the storm event occurred in the Ligurian Sea on 29-31 October 2018, which induced significant damages with coastal defenses collapses, loss of property and infrastructure. The study was carried on using a dataset that consists of atmospheric and sea wave data from RNM stations, sea wind field data from satellite radar and WRF model numerical simulations. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed integrated approach, showing that ASCAT wind speeds agree well with the numerical simulations with deviations in most locations limited to 3 m/s, except in presence of complex orographic features.

Andrea Buono, Emanuele Ferrentino, Ferdinando Nunziata, Maurizio Migliaccio
Preserving natural ecosystems: atolls observed by partially polarimetric SAR satellite imagery

In this study, the potential of dualpolarimetric (DP) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to observe atolls is addressed. The partial polarimetric information is exploited to both define the coastal profile and to classify the observed area. Experiments are undertaken on a fine resolution DP L-band ALOS PALSAR-2 SAR scene collected under horizontal linear polarization transmission over the Goidhoo Atoll belonging to the Maldivian Baa Atoll, that was selected as test site due its importance for the local ecosystem and the extraordinary value of its biodiversity. Preliminary results show that partial polarimetric information can be exploited for atoll observation purposes, including the coastline extraction and the classification of the observed scene.

David Baldo, Ada Fort, Marco Mugnaini, Giacomo Peruzzi, Alessandro Pozzebon, Valerio Vignoli
Reliability and Availability Evaluation of an Autonomous Remote Video Monitoring System for Offshore Sea Farms

In this paper, the availability and reliability of a remote video monitoring system for offshore sea farming plants are studied. The scope of the system is to ensure a video surveillance infrastructure so to supervise breeding cages along with the fish inside them in order to contrast undesired phenomena like fish poaching as well as cages damages. The system is installed on a cage floating structure. It is mainly composed of an IP camera which is controlled by a Raspberry Pi Zero which is the core of the system. Images are streamed thanks to a 3G/4G dongle while the overall system is powered via two photovoltaic panels charging a backup battery. Simulations are carried out considering two seasonal functioning periods (i.e., winter and summer): each of them is characterized by temperature trends defined according to the average temperatures of the system deployment site, 8 km offshore the city of Piombino, Italy. In order to optimize power consumption without hindering application scenario requirements, the system operates according to a duty cycle of 2 minutes out of 15 (i.e., 8 minutes of operation per hour).

Walmor Cristino Leite Junior, Alan Oliveira de Sá
Triggering Cyber electronic Attacks in Naval Radar Systems

The present paper discusses relevant aspects related to hybrid attacks involving cyber warfare and electronic warfare in naval radar systems. It addresses how such attacks can be implemented, showing that Electronic Attacks (EA) can be used to remotely trigger a cyber threat hosted in a radar computational system. The concept is demonstrated through simulations where a template matching technique is used to acknowledge the EA and, thus, trigger the cyber threat. The results show the effectiveness of the technique as a tool for activating malicious code previously installed in a radar system.

Roberta Ferretti, M. Bibuli, G. Bruzzone, M. Caccia, A. Odetti, E. Cimenti, M. Demarte, R. Ivaldi, M. Marro, R. Nardini, A. Saroni, M. Coltorti
Critical marine environment observation: measurement problems, technological solutions and procedural methods

This paper focus on the observation of critical marine environments, pointing out the difficulties that these kinds of dynamic, sensitive and fragile environments create for monitoring operations. The technological solutions adopted, through the use of robotic vehicles, and the operating procedures implemented are also described. The data acquired in two particular critical environments, the front of tidewater glaciers in Svalbard and an area in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea affected by submarine gas emissions allow us to identify and characterise phenomena strongly localised and requiring very high resolutions, both in space and time. This result can be useful to obtain environmental indicators that can be used as hazard precursors and, eventually, to implement alarm procedures.

Francesca Rolle, Michela Sega, Paola Fisicaro, Emma Woolliams, Miruna Dobre, Steffen Seitz
The European Metrology Network for Climate and Ocean Observation: updates and perspectives

In the present paper, the EURAMET European Metrology Network for Climate and Ocean Observation (EMN ClimOcNet), established in 2019, is presented. The EMN is focused on three different thematic areas, among which is ocean observation and metrology for Essential Ocean Variables. The main goal of the network is to establish a solid, long-term, European infrastructure to enhance the cooperation between the metrological and the oceanographic communities, to support the global understanding of climate change and the sustainable use of the oceans. The structure and the objectives of the EMN are described, together with an overview of the outputs of the first year of the EMN.

Oriana Motta, Concetta Pironti, Maria Ricciardi, Ezio Bolzacchini, Luca Ferrero, Chiara Rostagno, Raffaele Cucciniello, Antonio Proto
Indoor air quality monitoring with stable carbon isotope ratio of CO2 in Museum Environments: study for the Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper

This work regarded the possible use of stable carbon isotopic ratio of CO2 to monitor the influence of visitors in the Refectory of Santa Maria delle Grazie (Milan, Italy) which houses one of the most important paintings of Leonardo da Vinci, the Last Supper. Indoor air quality is of utmost importance to guarantee the appropriate preservation condition of the painting since the exposure of artwork and materials to gaseous and particulate pollutants emitted from either indoor or outdoor sources contributes to their decay. The results showed a good correlation between the isotopic composition of CO2 and the tourists inside the museum during the visits and the closure of the museum. The variation of indoor atmospheric δ 13C is related to the presence of visitors in the Refectory and follows their direction from the entrance to the exit. This new methodology can be used as a supplemental and noninvasive tool to help in calibrating microclimatic conditions through the ventilation rate of HVAC and air filtration systems in the museum and to manage the number of visitors per turn.

Page 126 of 977 Results 1251 - 1260 of 9762