Measurement results of the compressive strength of concrete specimens depend on the manner of force transfer by the testing machine. This performance is verified according to a standard using strain cylinders. However, the qualification or calibration of strain cylinders is not defined in the standard. This paper presents a new procedure for cylinder calibration. The measurand is defined. The standard quantity is modelised depending on the specific manner of loading during calibration. Uncertainties are computed using theoretical equations. The results of a first cylinder calibration are given.