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Zbigniew Humienny, Göran Johansson, Wlodek Kulesza
APPLICATION OF VECTORIAL DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING TO AN UNIQUE 3-D STACKUP ANALYSIS

It is demonstrated that a dependent dimension in assembly, indicated according to the classical dimensioning rules, is not uniquely defined. It is shown that if parts in assembly are defined by the vectorial dimensioning and tolerancing, VDT, then unique specification and verification of the analysed functional dimension in assembly is assured. The stackup of location and orientation vectors on the case of an assembly shaft– sleeve–plate based on experiments carried on coordinate measuring machine, CMM, is analysed.

M. Numan Durakbasa, P. Herbert Osanna, Anil Nomak Akdogan
SUPERVISION AND CONFIRMATION OF COMPLEX MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS BY USING OF INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES

The permanent increasing of quality standards, world wide competition, as well as the legislation of regulation of the product responsibility, require not only a proper documentation of the measurement data of the production, but also the continuous supervision of measuring and test equipment. Especially in modern flexible and intelligent production environment, measuring devices are often connected directly with the manufacturing process. This causes direct or indirect influences on the quality level, therefore the supervision and management of measuring and test equipment is becoming a significant part of the quality management for the entire production.
The supervision of measuring equipment is an essential quality requirement for modern production especially at the higher demands of micro and nanotechnology. The efficiency of the confirmation can be increased and expenses can be reduced substantially through computer assistance with flexible checking intervals. A special method developed for this purpose allows increasing of the flexibility level and efficiency of a system for the intelligent management and supervision of measuring devices.

Yu. V. Chugui
OPTICAL MEASURING TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS FOR ATOMIC INDUSTRY

Ensuring the safety of nuclear reactors and their high exploitation reliability requires a 100% noncontact precise inspection of geometrical parameters of their fuel elements and grid spacers. For the solution of this 3D inspection tasks we have developed and produced laser measuring machine (LMM) using multipoint structured illumination and optoelectronic shadow systems «Control – 1» and «Control – 2». The measurement methods, structures, operation and software of LMM and systems are described. The results of their industrial testing are presented and discussed.

Daniel Hamburg-Piekar, Gustavo Daniel Donatelli, Carlos Alberto Schneider
SETTING THE PROCESS AIM: THE EFFECT OF MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY

In this paper, a task-specific measuring capability criterion is described, applicable to select or validate measurement systems that provide data to set the process aim, when the techniques known as "sequence of values" or "difference chart" are used. The criterion is based on the estimation of the "uncertainty of the process mean", which characterizes the dispersion of the values that could reasonably be attributed to the process mean after the setting procedure. The proposed criterion is compared with the discrimination ratio and with the uncertainty per tolerance ratio, showing that the last one fails to predict the measuring capability for aim-setting operations.

José Eduardo Ferreira de Oliveira, Antônio de Assis Brito, Isaac Xavier, Daniel Vasconcelos, Paulo Cesar Botelho, Milena Anunciada, José Vitorino Neto
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANALOGICAL AND DIGITAL TAPE AND SCALE CALIBRATOR AND THE COMPARISON BETWEEN CALIBRATION METHODS

The objective of this work is presents a tape and scale calibrator based in international norms that works in analogical and digital methods, showing the constructives aspects, calibration procedures and comparison between analogical and digital methods refering to the error (of indication) of a measuring instrument, repeatibility and reproducibility.

Stanislaw Adamczak, Dariusz Janecki, Krzysztof Stepien
CONCEPT OF REFERENCE MEASUREMENTS OF CYLINDRICITY PROFILES OF MACHINE PARTS

Products with cylindrical surfaces are manufactured in many (e.g. paper, chemical, steel, heating or shipping) industries. It is required that regular estimations of cylindricity profiles be made during the production process. The reference methods can be used for measurement of cylindricity. The cylindricity deviation includes the roundness deviation in different cross-sections of an object, the relative change of its diameter and the noncentricity of profiles in relation to the nominal axis of the object. The reference measurement systems applied nowadays enable measurement of roundness profiles in relation to fixed points of support in different cross-sections of the measured object. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate the relative difference of the diameters. However, in traditional reference measurement systems there is no possibility of measurement of the non-concentricity of profiles. That is why appropriate reference systems for measurement of cylindricity have had to be developed.

Elzbieta Slubowska
MEASUREMENT OF HANDWRITING TREMOR FOR DIAGNOSTIC PURPOSES

Spectral analysis of the tremor signals got from the movement of the writing hand is presented in this paper. Analysis of stylus position and velocity is made upon data collected from the computer system for handwriting analyses, developed in Institute of Precision and Biomedical Engineering Warsaw University of Technology. Volunteers drew the circles on the digitiser surface using electronic pen similar to a normal ballpoint pen. Presented analyses were obtained from the group of 31 participants aged from 21 to 60 with different spectral analysis results of tremor measurements. Some of analyses were chosen to show differences between person without troubles in handwriting and that one whose handwriting is not easily readable because of some troubles with motorical skills or some diseases with pathological tremor, for example Parkinson's disease. As a results of my research I presented the method to classify the spectrum analyses for characteristic tremor group using numerical parameters.

Jiri Zahora, Josef Hanus
MODEL OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NITINOL STENT

Stents and stentgrafts are used in last years very often, especially for treatment of stenosis and aneurisma of vessels. But there are some possible risks, when stents are applicated. The stent can migrate inside a vessel, it can be leaky or deformed.
To investigate interaction between stent and a wall of vessel we must have model of mechanical properties of the vessel and of the stent. As to the vessels a lot of models were designed but as to the stents, the situation is worse. So we have decided to try to develop our own model based on the knowledge of material parameters of nitinol, of the geometry of stent and of its segments.

Elisabeth Costa Monteiro, Carlos Hall Barbosa, Raul Hernández Tabares, Cassio Scheffer, Raul Queiroz Feitosa
A LOW-COST ELECTROCARDIOGRAPH INTEGRATED WITH A MULTIMEDIA AND AUTOMATIC ANALYSIS SYSTEM

This paper presents a computerised low-cost electrocardiograph system for application in low-income communities. The system hardware is connected to the serial port of an IBM-PC microcomputer, and integrated with a multimedia software, which controls the acquisition process, manages patient data, provides information on heart disease prevention, and performs an automatic analysis of the electrocardiogram signals. The main objective is to provide a screening diagnosis of patients with heart diseases, forwarding them to a specialist to further analyses.

Roman Malaric, Mirta Tkalec, Krešimir Malaric
INSTRUMENTATION FOR BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

Abstract – The effects of extremely low-frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on human beings, animals and plants have been the subject of debate and research for the last thirty years. The ELF EMFs are produced by power transmission and distribution lines and household appliances. The last ten years have also seen the wide use of mobile phones all around the world. The base stations that are needed for mobile communication have sprung all over the cities and neighborhood. They operate on the frequencies from 400 MHz to 1900 MHz. The instrumentation for generation of EMFs of both power frequency of 50 Hz and mobile phone frequencies are discussed in this paper. The instrumentation is used for experiments to learn how EMFs are affecting the plant physiology.

Page 899 of 939 Results 8981 - 8990 of 9382