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Page 190 of 977 Results 1891 - 1900 of 9762

Giovanni Leucci, Tommaso Ismaelli, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Giuseppe Scardozzi, Marco Galli, Carlo Inglese, Marika Griffo
Geophysical investigations for the knowledge of the buried structures in the Basilica Julia at the Roman Forum

Within a research project aimed at the study of the archaeological context of the Basilica Julia in the Roman Forum and the reconstruction of the transformation phases of the building, different techniques of geophysical prospecting were performed. In particular, GPR and ERT surveys were carried out and allowed for the acquisition of interesting data on the foundations of the Basilica Julia, built during the late Republican period and rebuilt at the beginning of the Imperial age, and on the buried remains of the previous Basilica Sempronia, built in the 2nd cent. BC in the same area. Moreover, these investigations allowed for the identification of other Republican structures along the southern side of the Roman Forum and documented the route of the Cloaca Maxima and the palaeosoil.

Leucci G., Malfitana D., De Giorgi L., Mazzaglia A., Fragalá G.
The Epizefiri Archaeological Site in Locri (Reggio Calabria, Italy): Geophysical surveys for excavation project

As part of the project called SAET, of which the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage (CNR) is a partner, geophysical surveys have been carried out with the aim of identifying structures of archaeological interest that may be present within the investigated area. The GPR Sir 3000 from GSSI was used, equipped with 270 and 400 MHz antennas, the Ris Hi mod equipped with 200-600MHz dual band antenna, the syscal kid georesistimeter with 24 active channels and the bartington Grad 601 Gradiometer were used for geophysical surveys.

Giovanni Leucci, Ilaria Miccoli, Lara De Giorgi, Immacolata Ditaranto, Giuseppe Scardozzi, Andrea Cataldo
Ground-penetrating Radar surveys in the Lecce Cathedral

GPR surveys were carried out in the Baroque Cathedral of Lecce and in its crypt built in the 12th cent. and transformed in the 16th and 17th centuries. The investigations highlighted the presence of many unknown structures under the floor of the church. Some of them could be belong to the previous building of the Romanesque period, while most of the anomalies are related to tombs and underground chambers (ossuaries) located under the floor of the Baroque church. Moreover, six tombs of the 19th and 20th centuries and other ancient structures were documented under the crypt floor.

Yufan Ding, Jose Mirao, Pedro Redol, Luis Dias, Patricia Moita, Emma Angelini, Sabrina Grassini, Nicola Schiavon
A combined petrographic and geochemical metrological approach to assess the provenance of the building limestone used in the Batalha Monastery (Portugal)

To verify the provenances of limestones that were used for construction and restoration of the Batalha Monastery, limestone quarries in central Portugal were investigated. Samples were collected from quarries and monastery in field investigation. The elements-alignment of calcium and strontium based on XRF result has suggested the source of fragments from different parts the monastery. Observation of the thin sections has supplemented petrographic evidence for this identification. XRD, TGA were also used for acquiring mineral information and chemical composition of the stones. This origin tracing result supplies foundation for further research of stone decay and reservation of the Batalha Monastery.

Mauro Francesco La Russa, Luciana Randazzo, Michela Ricca, Daniela Pellegrino, Daniele La Russa, Alessandro Morrone, Barbara Davidde, Flavio Enei
New insights about the consolidation of archaeological mortars located in underwater environment: the case study of the apsidal fishpond of Castrum Novum (Santa Marinella, Rome, Italy)

This work is part of a research project titled MaTaCoS (Advanced materials and technologies applied to the conservation of underwater cultural heritage) funded by the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE), concerning development of innovative tools and methods for the protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage, with particular regard to cleaning and consolidating procedures to be carry out directly in situ. The fishpond of the archaeological site of Castrum Novum (Santa Marinella, Rome, Italy) was chosen as a pilot site for experimentation. Castrum Novum was a Roman colony whose ruins are located between Torre Chiaruccia and Casale Alibrandi. The archaeological site lies on a wide area facing the sea, at the 64.4 km of the Aurelia State Road, in the Province of Rome, in a territory corresponding to today’s Santa Marinella, which, during the Roman ages, belonged to Caere, now Cerveteri [1]. During the first half of the third century BC, it was one of the most important cities found along the ancient Etruscan coast as Alsium (now Palo Laziale) and Pyrgi (Santa Severa). Other significant remains, concerning the ancient city and the ancient harbour, lie close to the beach where now some modern stilts stand. The apsidal fishpond is one of these structures on the coastline. It is composed of only one tank, with an average immersion of 0.37 m below the sea level, and it develops with an NE/SW orientation. The masonry structures reach the maximum thickness at the apex of the fishpond (4.70 m) and consist of a concrete conglomerate composed of slightly rough stones of medium size bound with non-hydraulic mortar. After sampling, for a complete characterization of selected archaeological fragments, different and complementary techniques (stereomicroscopy, polarising optical microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction analysis) were carried out in order to: a) define the minero-petrographic features; b) investigate their state of conservation. The obtained data allow defining the main constituents of mortars from a compositional point of view. The raw materials, in fact, are quite homogeneous, as well as the ratio in which they were mixed, confirming the typical recipe used in Roman times to manufacture hydraulic-type mortars by adding pozzolana. At the same time, it was possible to identify the various degradation processes they are interested in, mainly, biological colonization (bio-fouling) that develops differently according to environmental conditions. From the applicative point of view, the textural, mineralogical and chemical information might represent the first step both for the definition of restoration interventions and for the planning of maintenance protocols.

Sebastiano D Amico, Valentina Venuti, Emanuele Colica, Vincenza Crupi, Domenico Majolino, Giuseppe Paladini, Sante Guido, Giuseppe Mantella, Rosarianna Zumbo
Scientific investigation of The Conversion of St Paul painting (Mdina, Malta)

The paper presents the results of two different approaches applied to the newly-restored painting The Conversion of St Paul, the main altarpiece in the Cathedral of Mdina in Malta. This large, dramatic painting is work of the Baroque artist Mattia Preti, il Cavaliere Calabrese. As is normal with a professionally executed restoration, several scientific methods have been used before, during and at completion, in the framework of a global analytical strategy. In particular, we focus on the results of the digital photogrammetric survey which uses imagebased approaches for 2D/3D models reconstruction enormously. The model was used to quantify and measure important features on the painting as well extensions of areas restored. In addition, portable Raman spectroscopy was used to identify, in nondestructive way, the nature of the painting materials with the final goal of reconstructing the color palette of the artist.

Sveva Longo, Francesca Granata, Silvia Capuani, Fortunato Neri, Enza Fazio
Chemical-structural analysis of wooden painted specimens by clinical multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)

The results of Multi-slice X-ray Computed Tomography (MSCT) and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) study performed on representative organic and inorganic ancient pigments painted on wooden support are presented and discussed. Clear Raman spectra were acquired for organic pigments such as a madder lake, overcoming their fluorescence and weak Raman scattering drawbacks. MSCT Hounsfield Units (HU) measurements show the ability to differentiate the materials, building a volumetric view and, with appropriate algorithms, to segment the layers of the specimen using suitable reconstructions. All these results in combination allowed a complete chemical-physical characterisation of painted pigments on wood samples.

Rosaria D Amato, Michele Arturo Caponero, Barbara Palazzo, Gaetano Terranova, Andrea Polimadei
A novel fibre optic sensor of relative humidity for application in cultural heritage

In this work we present a novel relative humidity sensor of low invasiveness and visibility, well suited for applications in cultural heritage and in particular to monitor the moisture content in stone and wooden artworks. The sensor is based on fibre optic technology, produced by depositing a thin coating of a hygroscopic material on a thin and transparent, barely visible, fibre optic. The novelty of the projected sensor is in the proposed hygroscopic material, which is a mixture of Agar and Chitosan. This material overcomes the critical issues of sensors previously described, based on the same technology but produced with different polymers, typically pure Agar. We present results of the tests that proved the effectiveness of the proposed material and the results of long term measurements in the field.

Rodica-Mariana Ion, Sorin Tincu, Lorena Iancu, Ramona Marina Grigorescu, Cristiana Radulescu, Sofia Teodorescu, Ioana Daniela Dulama, Raluca Maria Stirbescu, Ioan Alin Bucurica, Mihaela Lucia Ion, Anca Irina Gheboianu
Archaeometric studies and conservation solutions for corvins castle circular towers

For centuries, the architecture of the Romanian monuments reflected the highest standard of European architecture, many masonry buildings had used bricks, wood, roof tiles and various mortars. However, the characterization of the construction materials is prioritized for obtaining informations about the raw materials, building technology and the history of previous restorations. Under such context, in this paper, three types of materials were collected for analysis from the Corvins Castle circular towers: Deserted Tower, Drummers Tower and Mace Tower. The structural, compositional and morphological aspects will be investigated, through physico-chemical properties of the towers materials, by using FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, XRD and EDXRF, ICP-MS, ion-chromatography, microscopic investigations (SEM-EDS, Optical microscopy)). Such techniques evidenced apatite compounds, that could justify the time resistence of these monument s towers as an explanation for their consolidation.

Maria Federica Caso, Luisa Caneve, Valeria Spizzichino
Intercalibration of hyperspectral and multispectral systems for Laser Induced Fluorescence imaging

Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) is a wellrecognized spectroscopic technique for non-destructive surface chemical analysis. It is particularly suitable for in situ analysis on delicate targets as artworks, because it does not need any sample preparation nor contact, working remotely also where only optical access is available. Hyperspectral systems have the advantage to provide whole spectra of the analysed point, and thanks to motorized optics can produce fluorescence images and map of surfaces. Since the early 2000s ENEA has developed hyperspectral LIF scanning systems. To shorten significantly analysis time, overall on very large CH surfaces as building facades, ENEA DIM Laboratory has developed an imaging multispectral LIF system. Here we present intercalibration, data analysis and software to automatically correct such imaging data and take into account filter s bandpass and optical efficiencies with respect to systems based on the use of spectrometers, avoiding lack of selectivity and accuracy due to the absence of whole spectra.

Page 190 of 977 Results 1891 - 1900 of 9762